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2014 Kiss of Love protest
Kiss of Love protest is a non-violent protest against moral policing which started in Kerala, India and later spread to other parts of India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title='Kiss of Love' protests rattle Modi's conservative India )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title='Kiss of Love' spreads to Kolkata )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=‘Kiss of Love’ Campaign Spreads to Kolkata, Delhi - New America Media )〕 The movement began when a Facebook page called 'Kiss of love' called forth the youth across Kerala to participate in a protest against moral policing on November 2, 2014, at Marine Drive, Cochin. The movement received widespread support with more than 154,404 'Likes' for the Facebook page.〔https://www.facebook.com/kissoflovekochi:〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=‘Kiss of love’ plan gets more support in Kerala )〕 After the initial protest in Kochi, similar protests were organised in other major cities of the country. It received opposition from various religious and political groups like Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha, SDPI, Vishva Hindu Parishad, Shiv Sena, Bajrang Dal, Hindu Sena and Ernakulam wing of Kerala Students Union.〔http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/Wary-Cops-Nab-Around-50-Kiss-of-Love-Protesters/2014/11/03/article2504805.ece:〕〔http://www.deccanchronicle.com/141103/nation-current-affairs/article/kiss-love-protest-police-blamed-giving-free-hand-miscreants:〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kerala's 'Kiss of Love' Protest, Planned for Sunday, Draws Opposition )〕〔http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/student-organisations-condemn-kiss-of-love/article6551314.ece:〕 On specific occasions but not exclusively, both the Supreme Court of India and Delhi High Court have made it clear that kissing in public is not an obscene act and no criminal proceedings can be initiated, for kissing in public, through landmark judgments.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SC clean chit to Gere in Shilpa kissing row )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BBC NEWS - South Asia - Richard Gere cleared of obscenity )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=BBC NEWS - South Asia - India couple's kiss 'not obscene' )〕〔http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Kissing-in-public-by-married-couple-not-obscene-HC/articleshow/4066941.cms:〕〔http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090218/jsp/opinion/story_10552589.jsp:〕On 19th November 2015, Central Crime Branch(CCB) of the Kerala Police arrested the star couple, Rahul Pasupalan and Reshmi Nair, the promoters of the movement, after being caught in an online sex racket, Pedophilia and women trafficking through an extensively carried out month-long undercover operation by name ''Operation Big Daddy''. Both of them were alleged to be the brains behind the racket providing escort sex services to high profile individuals using a highly encrypted communications through social media like Facebook and whatsapp.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=‘Kiss of love’ campaigner held in sex racket case )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=From 'Kiss of Love' to alleged paedophile sex racket – The story of Rahul and Resmi )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title='Kiss of Love' couple arrested for running a sex racket )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Kiss of love campaigners’ life takes a fall )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Rahul Pasupalan trafficked girls for sex racket, say police )〕 These arrests have raised serious questions about the integrity and frivolousness of the individuals connected to the movement, it's relevance, and hence, since been widely debated in social networking sites and by public.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=The arrest of 'Kiss of Love' organisers in alleged sex racket revives debate over moral policing )〕
==Background==
There were several instances of moral policing in Kerala in the 2000s. In 2011, a 26-year-old youth was killed by a mob in Kodiyathur, Kerala, for allegedly having an affair with a married woman. All of the accused were sentenced to life imprisonment in October 2014. In June 2014, a female theatre artiste and her male colleague were detained in police custody for traveling together at night, which stirred protests against moral policing on social media. In July 2013, police arrested a couple from a beach in Alappuzha for suspected “immoral activity” as the woman was not wearing any accessories to suggest that she was married. In April 2013, an artist from Kochi was harassed by two policewomen when she went for a stroll on Marine Drive with a male friend.〔http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Moral-police-in-khaki-fleecing-young-couples/articleshow/19624301.cms〕 In June 2012, a gang of men attacked and beat up a pregnant woman sitting alone in a bus shelter in Kannur. The woman's husband had asked her to rest while he went to a nearby ATM since she was heavily pregnant.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Moral police' attack pregnant woman, husband in Kerala-A Kashmir in the making )〕 In June 2011, An IT professional, on her way to work at Kochi's IT park, was accosted by a group of drunken men because she was riding pillion on a male colleague's bike. The drunken men argued with her, and then abused and slapped her.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Devil’s Own Country for Women )〕 Several similar cases have been reported throughout Kerala.
The Kiss of Love protest was sparked off in October 2014 when Jai Hind TV, a Malayalam news channel owned by the Indian National Congress, telecast an exclusive report on alleged immoral activity at the parking space of Downtown Cafe in Kozhikode. The video showed a young couple kissing and hugging each other. A mob of attackers, who were later identified as belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha vandalized the cafe following the report. Following this, Rahul Pasupalan, a short film maker from Kerala,Resmi R Nair an international model and a group of friends from a Facebook page called 'Freethinkers', started the Facebook page 'Kiss of Love'. Activists from all over Kerala decided to protest against the series of moral policing incidents by organizing a public event at Marine Drive beach on November 2 in Kochi.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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